Lucerna : Jurnal Riset Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran

Application of Deep Learning-Based Problem Based Learning to Increase Motivation and Critical Thinking of Elementary School Students

Nurul Ain — 2025-07-17

This study aims to describe the application of the Problem Based Learning model based on the Deep Learning approach to improve learning motivation and critical thinking ability of grade V elementary school students. The research was motivated by the low motivation and student involvement in learning, particularly in understanding the importance of preserving regional food and beverages. The method used was Classroom Action Research conducted in two cycles, each consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The research subjects were 27 students of grade 5B at Bandungrejosari I Public Elementary School Malang City. Data were collected through observations, learning motivation questionnaires, and critical thinking ability tests, then analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. The results showed that the application of Problem Based Learning integrated with the Deep Learning approach effectively improved students’ motivation and critical thinking skills. Learning completeness increased from 33.33% in the pre-cycle to 66.66% in the first cycle, and reached 92.59% in the second cycle, with an average final score of 85. Students became more active, reflective, and able to connect learning materials with local cultural contexts. This study not only confirms the theoretical effectiveness of integrating Problem Based Learning and Deep Learning in developing 21st-century competencies in elementary education but also offers a practical, contextual, and participatory learning strategy alternative.

Integrating Javanese Code-Mixing in Short Film Ayah for Culturally Responsive Speaking Instruction in Indonesian Classrooms

Lusi Komala Sari — 2025-07-31

This study explores how internal code-mixing in the short film Ayah reflects Javanese cultural values in family interactions. Framed by the ethnography of communication and sociolinguistic perspectives, it aims to identify the forms and functions of Indonesian–Javanese code-mixing and its role in cultural expression. Using a qualitative descriptive method, data were drawn purposively from fifteen dialogue scenes containing internal code-mixing. Analysis employed Dell Hymes’ SPEAKING model to reveal the communicative and cultural meanings of the utterances. Validity was ensured through theoretical triangulation and inter-rater agreement, and ethical standards were met through proper attribution and representation. Findings show that internal code-mixing, particularly using Javanese krama, functions to express politeness, affection, and identity. These linguistic choices embody core cultural values such as unggah-ungguh (etiquette), respect for elders, and familial harmony. The study concludes that internal code-mixing serves not only communicative but also symbolic purposes. It highlights the potential of culturally rich films as pedagogical resources to foster learners’ sociopragmatic competence and contextual speaking skills.

Pop Up Media-Assisted Discovery Learning Model to Improve Elementary School Students' Collaboration Skills

Nyamik Rahayu Sesanti — 2025-08-08

The low participation of students in group work, lack of ability to work together, and lack of mutual respect when completing joint tasks are problems in collaboration skills in grade IV of Bakalan Krajan 2 Public Elementary School, Malang City. This study aims to describe the application of the Discovery Learning learning model assisted by pop up interactive media in developing students' collaboration skills. The research subjects amounted to 29 students in grade IV, with data collected through observation using the rubric of assessment of collaboration skills, then analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results showed an increase in students' collaboration skills by 21%, from an average of 58% in cycle I to 79% in cycle II. These findings show the potential effectiveness of the application of the Discovery Learning model assisted by pop up media in encouraging students to be more active, able to work together, and show mutual respect when completing group assignments. In addition to making a practical contribution to the development of invention-based learning practices in elementary schools, this study also adds references on the use of simple interactive media in improving collaboration skills. However, the results of this study are still limited to the context of one class and two learning cycles, so further studies with a wider scope of subjects, materials, and time are needed to test the sustainability of the impact of the intervention.

Enhancing Critical Thinking Skills in Pancasila and Civic Education through the Team Games Tournament Method and the Pancasila Smart Discovery Learning Model

Sri Rahayu — 2025-08-10

This classroom action research aimed to enhance the critical thinking skills of Grade IV students at Kebonsari 3 State Primary School in Malang City through the implementation of a combined Team Games Tournament method and Discovery Learning model, supported by Pancasila Smart interactive media. Pancasila Smart interactive media is a digital, quiz-based platform that incorporates the values of Pancasila and is designed to stimulate discussion, problem-solving, and decision-making in Pancasila and Civic Education learning. The research was conducted in three cycles, each comprising the stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data were collected through interviews, observations, documentation, and tests, and were analyzed using the normalized gain formula to measure the effectiveness of improvements in learning outcomes between cycles relative to the maximum possible achievement. The findings revealed a consistent improvement in students’ critical thinking skills from the pre-cycle phase through cycles I, II, and III, with both average scores and normalized gain values increasing steadily across cycles. These results indicate that integrating the Team Games Tournament method and the Discovery Learning model, facilitated by Pancasila Smart interactive media, has strong potential to develop the critical thinking skills of primary school students. The practical implication of this study highlights the importance of incorporating educational game-based learning strategies with guided discovery approaches in Pancasila and Civic Education to strengthen the twenty-first-century competencies of primary school learners.