Kontestasi Demokrasi Liberal dan Demokrasi Radikal dalam Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan di Indonesia: Sintesis Teoretis dan Implikasinya bagi Penguatan Warga Negara Demokratis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56393/decive.v5i11.4703Keywords:
Demokrasi Liberal, Demokrasi Radikal, Pedagogi Kritis, Politik Agonistik, Pendidikan KewarganegaraanAbstract
Krisis demokrasi global yang ditandai oleh meningkatnya polarisasi politik, populisme, disinformasi, dan menurunnya kepercayaan terhadap institusi demokrasi menghadirkan tantangan baru bagi Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (PKn). Di Indonesia, kondisi tersebut menuntut penguatan pendidikan demokrasi yang membentuk warga negara kritis sekaligus berkomitmen pada nilai-nilai konstitusional. Namun, penelitian terdahulu umumnya membahas demokrasi liberal dan demokrasi radikal secara terpisah sehingga belum menghasilkan kerangka pedagogis yang integratif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan Model Pedagogi Demokrasi Agonistik-Konstitusional Berbasis Pancasila melalui Systematic Literature Review (SLR) yang mengikuti protokol PRISMA terhadap artikel ilmiah bereputasi periode 2018–2024. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa demokrasi liberal memperkuat constitutional literacy, supremasi hukum, dan perlindungan hak individu, sedangkan demokrasi radikal mengembangkan kesadaran kritis, partisipasi agonistik, dan orientasi emansipatoris. Sintesis kedua perspektif menghasilkan model pedagogi yang mengintegrasikan kepatuhan konstitusional, musyawarah demokratis, kesadaran kritis, dan partisipasi transformatif sebagai landasan penguatan Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan dalam menghadapi tantangan demokrasi kontemporer.
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