Implikasi Reformulasi Delik Penodaan Agama terhadap Kebebasan Beragama dan Berkeyakinan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56393/nomos.v5i1.3023Keywords:
Delik Penodaan Agama, Kebebasan Beragama, Hak Asasi ManusiaAbstract
Indonesia masih menghadapi tantangan serius dalam menjamin perlindungan agama dan kebebasan berkeyakinan di tengah diskriminasi terhadap kelompok minoritas serta konflik antarumat beragama. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis reformulasi delik penodaan agama dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 dan implikasinya terhadap kebebasan beragama. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan perbandingan, khususnya terhadap Pasal 18 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun reformulasi bertujuan memperjelas sanksi dan melindungi martabat agama, ketidakjelasan frasa ‘penghinaan agama’ membuka ruang diskresi berlebihan bagi penegak hukum yang berpotensi disalahgunakan. Dominasi tafsir ahli agama tanpa standar objektif memperkuat bias mayoritas dan mengancam prinsip keadilan serta kesetaraan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pembatasan ruang lingkup penghinaan agama pada ancaman nyata terhadap ketertiban umum, integrasi prinsip HAM dalam penafsiran hukum, serta penguatan mekanisme judicial review yang independen.
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