Tantangan Perlindungan Hukum bagi Tenaga Kerja Informal: Kontrak Adhesi dalam Hukum Ketenagakerjaan Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56393/nomos.v5i4.3617Keywords:
Pekerja Informal, Perlindungan Hukum, Ekonomig Gig, KetenagakerjaanAbstract
Undang-undang ketenagakerjaan Indonesia saat ini dikaji memiliki keterbatasan dalam menghadapi realitas ekonomi abad ke-21. Adanya dikotomi kaku antara pekerja formal dan informal diidentifikasi sebagai masalah inti yang menyebabkan sebagian besar angkatan kerja berada dalam posisi rentan dan tidak terlihat secara hukum. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis yuridis-normatif untuk mengidentifikasi celah hukum, dengan fokus pada penyalahgunaan klausul kebebasan berkontrak dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata. Analisis menemukan adanya praktik eksploitasi sistematis yang termanifestasi dalam dua bentuk utama yaitu upah minimum dan pengalihan risiko bisnis kepada pekerja. Sebagai respons terhadap temuan tersebut, artikel ini mengajukan sebuah model reformasi hukum berlapis yang menggeser paradigma dari keadilan remedial menuju keadilan preventif. Model ini terdiri dari tiga pilar, adopsi tes realitas hubungan kerja oleh peradilan, pemberdayaan format aksi kolektif baru, dan implementasi sistem triase buta berbasis teknologi untuk pengawasan. Disimpulkan bahwa reformasi legislatif parsial tidak memadai, dan diperlukan perubahan komprehensif untuk membangun kontrak sosial yang inklusif dan mengakui hak setiap pekerja.
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