• This study examines the implementation of legal certainty in worker wage determination under Government Regulation No. 51 of 2023 on Wages by applying the principles of distributive, legal, and commutative justice. Using a normative juridical method with statute, case, and conceptual approaches, the research relies on primary legal sources, scholarly literature, and statistical data from the Central Statistics Agency. The analysis integrates doctrinal interpretation with a radar evaluation model covering ten dimensions, including legal certainty, accountability, justice, transparency, and sustainability. The findings reveal that the new formula, based on inflation, regional economic growth, and a region-specific index, supported by employment absorption and median wage, creates greater predictability and fairness in wage determination. Strengthening the role of Regional Wage Councils through a tripartite-plus mechanism enhances legitimacy and accountability. The study concludes that the regulation represents a significant innovation in Indonesia’s labor law, balancing business sustainability with worker welfare while advancing the realization of social justice mandated by Pancasila.

  • Alam, S., & Arif, M. (2020). Perlindungan hukum terhadap pekerja: Perspektif tanggung jawab konstitusional negara. Kalabbirang Law Journal. https://doi.org/10.35877/454ri.kalabbirang154

    Arsawan, I. G. Y., & Yusa, I. G. (2023). Dampak perubahan pengaturan penataan ruang pasca pengesahan Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja. Amsir Law Journal. https://doi.org/10.36746/alj.v5i1.294

    Bire, C. M. D. (2018). Perlindungan hukum terhadap pekerja outsourcing atas kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja (K3). Jurnal Hukum Bisnis Bonum Commune. https://doi.org/10.30996/jhbbc.v0i0.1752

    Brotosusilo, A. (2017). Hak-hak produsen dalam hukum perlindungan konsumen. Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan. https://doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol22.no5.1011

    Halim, A. R. (2021). Sistem upah berdasarkan prinsip keadilan dalam konsep negara kesejahteraan (welfare state). Journal Presumption of Law. https://doi.org/10.31949/jpl.v3i2.1496

    Izzati, N. R. (2023). Tinjauan penetapan upah minimum 2023: Evaluasi kebijakan pengupahan dan revitalisasi dewan pengupahan. Masalah-Masalah Hukum, 52(2), 163–173. https://doi.org/10.14710/mmh.52.2.2023.163-173

    Izziyana, W. V., Inayah, I., Nuswardani, N., & Budiwati, S. (2022). Aktualisasi sistem pemutusan hubungan kerja berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja. Borobudur Law and Society Journal. https://doi.org/10.31603/7729

    Mantili, R. (2021). Konsep penyelesaian perselisihan hubungan industrial antara serikat pekerja dengan perusahaan melalui combined process (Med-Arbitrase). Jurnal Bina Mulia Hukum, 6(1), 47–63. https://doi.org/10.23920/jbmh.v6i1.252

    Mulyadi. (2010). Analisis sistem akuntansi penggajian dan pengupahan dalam upaya meningkatkan efektivitas pengendalian internal perusahaan. Implementation Science.

    Nasution, A. B. (2017). Kendala dan peluang implementasi Pasal 27 dan 28 UUD 1945 di era mendatang. Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan. https://doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol23.no5.1034

    Paramita, R. (2021). Menilik upah minimum dan ketimpangan pendapatan di Indonesia. Jurnal Budget: Isu dan Masalah Keuangan Negara, 6(2), 115–128. https://doi.org/10.22212/jbudget.v6i2.115

    Prasetyo, A., & Rachmawati, L. (2022). Pengaruh Kartu Prakerja dan penetrasi internet terhadap tingkat penyerapan tenaga kerja Indonesia. Independent: Journal of Economics, 2(1), 34–45. https://doi.org/10.26740/independent.v2i1.45412

    Purnama, N. S., Gunawan, G., & Ali Ramdhani, F. A. R. (2021). Efektivitas pengaturan upah tenaga kerja berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja. Jurnal Pemuliaan Hukum, 4(1), 14–25. https://doi.org/10.30999/jph.v4i1.1449

    Setiawan, M. R., & Primandhana, W. P. (2022). Analisis pengaruh beberapa sektor PDRB terhadap indeks kualitas lingkungan hidup di Indonesia. Kinerja, 19(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.30872/jkin.v19i1.10830

    Setyono, N. (2018). Rekonstruksi kebutuhan hidup layak (KHL) melalui koperasi karyawan dalam kajian Undang-Undang No. 13 Tahun 2003 tentang ketenagakerjaan. Jurnal Ius Constituendum, 3(2), 165–179. https://doi.org/10.26623/jic.v3i2.1039

    Siwu, H. F. D. (2019). Strategi pertumbuhan dan pembangunan ekonomi daerah. Jurnal Pembangunan Ekonomi dan Keuangan Daerah, 19(3), 45–60. https://doi.org/10.35794/jpekd.16464.19.3.2017

    Suhartoyo, S. (2019). Perlindungan hukum bagi buruh dalam sistem hukum ketenagakerjaan nasional. Administrative Law and Governance Journal, 2(2), 326–336. https://doi.org/10.14710/alj.v2i2.326-336

    WageIndicator. (2017). Upah minimum di Indonesia. WageIndicator Foundation. https://wageindicator.org

  • Downloads

    Download data is not yet available.

How to Cite

Nico, A. V. (2025). Legal Certainty and Justice Principles in Minimum Wage Determination under Government Regulation No. 51/2023. Nomos : Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Hukum, 5(4), 883–894. https://doi.org/10.56393/nomos.v5i4.3619